Bertha Pappenheim

Bertha Pappenheim was a pioneering figure in the early development of psychoanalysis, known for her role as a patient of Josef Breuer, whose treatment of her hysteria through the technique of free association laid the groundwork for Sigmund Freud's later theories. Despite her struggles with mental health and addiction, Pappenheim became an influential feminist and women's rights advocate, leaving a lasting impact on both psychological treatment and social reform.