
Étienne Lenoir
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Étienne Lenoir, a fictional representation of the Belgian-French inventor of the internal combustion engine, appears in George Saunders's Vigil as a second ghost who challenges K.J. Boone to confront his past sins against nature, adding depth to the narrative's exploration of accountability and redemption.
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Recent news mentions
Étienne Lenoir is the Belgian-French inventor of the internal combustion engine who appears as a ghost in the novel.
In his new novel, Vigil, George Saunders explores deathbed comfort and ‘idiot compassion’The Globe and Mail·
Canada· 2026-02-11



