
Mohamed Fathi al-Rahman al-Khalifa
A local farmer in Abu Hamad, Mohamed has witnessed the devastating impact of artisanal gold mining on agriculture, reporting a catastrophic decline in his citrus and grain yields due to soil poisoning and increased salinity.
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Mohamed Fathi al-Rahman al-Khalifa, a local farmer, has watched the soil turn hostile.
Curse of the Nile’s gold: how Sudan is losing its fertile fields and ability to produce food | Global developmentThe Guardian·
United Kingdom· 2026-09-11






