Muhammed Rıza Şah Pahlavi

Muhammed Rıza Şah Pahlavi was the last monarch of Iran, ascending to the throne in 1941 after his father's abdication. His rule was marked by ambitious modernization efforts, including the White Revolution aimed at social and economic reform. However, his regime faced increasing opposition due to authoritarian practices and widespread discontent over social inequality, culminating in the Iranian Revolution of 1979, which led to his exile and the establishment of an Islamic Republic.