Carlo María Cipolla

Carlo María Cipolla was an Italian economist and historian known for his unique theories on human stupidity, which he articulated through four principles. He posited that the prevalence of stupidity is often underestimated and that it can cause significant harm, both to individuals and society. Cipolla's work emphasized that stupidity transcends other personal characteristics, and he classified people into categories based on their actions and the effects on others. His thought-provoking insights remain influential in discussions on sociology and human behavior.